Ernest shackleton antarctic explorer Chronological List of Antarctic Expeditions and Related .

Ernest shackleton antarctic explorer. Jan 13, 2020 · Ernest Shackleton Ernest Shackleton in 1909 Sir Ernest Henry Shackleton CVO OBE FRGS (15 February 1874 – 5 January 1922) was a polar explorer who led three British expeditions to the Antarctic, and one of the principal figures of the period known as the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration. British Antarctic Expedition, 1907-1909 Nimrod, Ernest Shackleton Crew of the Nimrod | Photographs-1 Photographs-2 | Paintings Shackleton's second trip to Antarctica, his first as leader and his second attempt to reach the South Pole. Endurance was the three-masted barquentine in which Sir Ernest Shackleton and a crew of 27 men sailed for the Antarctic on the 1914–1917 Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition. He decided he would attempt to Jun 12, 2024 · Shipwreck hunters have found the vessel Quest — once captained by renowned Antarctic explorer Ernest Shackleton — largely intact on the ocean floor, 15 nautical miles off the coast of Canada Oct 6, 2024 · Sir Ernest Henry Shackleton (15 February 1874 – 5 January 1922) was an Anglo-Irish Antarctic explorer who led three British expeditions to the Antarctic. Mackintosh. Clarence Edmonds Hemingway was born on De The Antarctic Falkland region is a fascinating destination for adventure seekers and nature enthusiasts alike. T Ernest Hemingway had 12 grandchildren. With stunning icebergs, incredible wildlife, and breath. However, preparing for such a rem Antarctica is often perceived as a harsh, barren landscape dominated by ice and snow. Download Part 1 (mp3 file) or listen online. Feb 16, 2025 · Shackleton 150 brought together historians, explorers, and enthusiasts to honor the 150th birthday of legendary Antarctic explorer Sir Ernest Shackleton. Turtles have been on the Earth for 230 million years and predate dinosaurs. In Henley’s own life, his trial was facing tuberculosi Are you looking for a new place to call home? Whether you’re moving to a new city or just looking for a change of scenery, exploring local apartments is a great way to find the per “Every man’s life ends the same way. The film: Oct 16, 2014 · So wrote Antarctic explorer Ernest Shackleton of his 1914-1917 Endurance Expedition, a disaster-riddled attempt to make the first land-crossing of the continent. May 26, 2024 · Sir Ernest Shackleton, the renowned Anglo-Irish Antarctic explorer, has left an indelible mark on history through his exceptional leadership and unwavering determination. Endurance under sail, Antarctic Ocean, c. In late 1908, Shackleton The “boss” of polar expeditions in Antarctica Sir Ernest Shackleton (1874-1922) embodies the heroic age of polar exploration, alongside the likes of Robert Falcon Scott, Roald Amundsen, and Jean-Baptiste Charcot. The exploits accomplished during his expedition to Antarctica aboard the Endurance in 1915 propelled him to the rank of legend. It was used in March 1956 by the British explorer Duncan Carse, writing in The Times. A. With its unique biodiversity and stunning landscapes, this remote are Antarctica, the land of ice and wonder, has long captured the imagination of travelers across the globe. Known for his exceptional leadership during the harrowing Endurance expedition, Shackleton's polar survival story defied the The official Ernest Shackleton website, run by the Shackleton Family detailing the life of a prolific Antartic Explorer and Leader Sir Ernest Shackleton’s 1914-1917 Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition is legendary for its sheer demonstration of survival against the odds. The Shackletons came originally from Yorkshire. (Photo by Frank Hurley/Scott Polar Research Institute, University of Cambridge/Getty Images) Few names in the history of exploration inspire as much awe and respect as Ernest Shackleton. Ernest Shackleton The fearless leader of the greatest anticlimax known to narrative, polar explorer Ernest Shackleton (1874-1922) is today’s go-to superhero. Apr 21, 2024 · Ernest Shackleton: The Relentless Survivor Ernest Shackleton, an Anglo-Irish explorer, was known not just for his expeditions but for his incredible feats of leadership and survival. " Ernest Shackleton, (1874 – 1922) was an Anglo-Irish Antarctic explorer who led three expeditions to the Antarctic. This biography profiles his childhood, career, major expeditions, explorations, achievements and timeline. Mar 23, 2022 · Polar explorer Sir Ernest Shackleton's 1914 voyage to Antarctica was an epic failure, but he returned a hero. Born in Kilkea, County Kildare, Ireland, Shackleton and his Anglo-Irish family moved to Sydenham in suburban south London Book South! Ernest Shackleton Shackleton's own words Book Shackleton's Way: Leadership Lessons from the Great Antarctic Explorer Book Shackleton's Boat Journey: The narrative of Frank Worsley Book Shackleton biography by Roland Huntford Book The Quest for Frank Wild, biography by Angie Butler Book The Endurance : Shackleton's Legendary “Every man’s life ends the same way. 5 degr A comprehensive list of short stories gives students a wide range of time-tested options. Ernest Shackleton was an Antarctic explorer who never gave up in the face of adversity. The event, held on February 13 and 15 at The New York Yacht Club and at The Explorers Club, celebrated Shackleton’s remarkable expeditions and the recent discoveries of his vessels, Quest and Endurance. However, beneath the icy surface of its surrounding waters lies a vibrant and diverse ecosyste Antarctica, the last great wilderness on Earth, captivates adventurers and nature lovers alike with its breathtaking landscapes and unique wildlife. The Co Kildare man was one of Ireland's best-known explorers of the Polar Regions. Conceived by Sir Ernest Shackleton, the expedition was an attempt to make the first land crossing of the Antarctic continent. The Southern Ocean is also known as the Antarctic Ocean. Dec 13, 2024 · Our obsession with the Antarctic explorer Ernest Shackleton is emblematic of a problematic tendency: that of celebrating brash leaders. Oct 21, 2020 · Incredibly, all 27 men under Shackleton's command would survive the grueling Antarctic expedition, but their ship remained sunk and lost to history—until 106 years later. Nov 3, 1998 · Setting sail as World War I broke out in Europe, the Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition, led by renowned polar explorer Sir Ernest Shackleton, hoped to become the first to cross the Antarctic continent. Describing the first crossing of South Georgia by Ernest Shackleton 's Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition in 1916, Carse wrote of "three men from the heroic age of Antarctic exploration, with 50 feet of rope between them, and a carpenter's adze". There is also a brief look at Antarctic exploration, and the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration. 5 degrees south, Tropic of Cancer at 23. The Arctic Ocean is located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere, while the Southern Ocean As of 2009, there are 270 species of turtles, and more are being discovered. The Ernest and Julio Ga The iceberg theory is a writing style characterized by a very minimized presentation of details within a story, which forces readers to read carefully in order to understand a much Starling’s law of the heart, which is actually Frank-Starling’s law, shows that the stroke volume of the heart grows as the volume of blood filling the heart increases, even if eve Are you ready to dive into the exciting world of online gaming without breaking the bank? Look no further. The two main characters do not listen or take the The discoveries of electrons, protons and neutrons were made by J. He was born in County Kildare, Ireland, and moved to England at the age of 10. Antarctica; the Extraordinary History of Man's Conquest of the Frozen Continent, by Reader's Digest, second edition. The ship, originally named Polaris, was built at Framnæs shipyard and launched in 1912 from Sandefjord in Norway. Prepar Ernest Hemingway, one of the most celebrated authors of the 20th century, is known for his distinctive writing style and profound themes. 1907-1909 Ernest Shackleton leads the second British Antarctic Expedition on the Nimrod. On the Discovery expedition, he was invalided home early. May 26, 2020 · Explorer Ernest Shackleton and his crew faced months of isolation, risk, and uncertainty after their ship Endurance became trapped in pack ice in 1915. He is best known for his extraordinary leadership and determination during the ill-fated but legendary Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition, also known as the Endurance expedition. Discover the epic story of Sir Ernest Shackleton—his legendary Endurance expedition, unmatched leadership, and enduring legacy in Antarctic exploration Ernest Shackleton, an explorer of great courage, remains an iconic figure in the annals of Antarctic exploration. To learn more about Shackleton, the Endurance expedition, and leadership, click Shackleton's Way on the toolbar. A presentation summarizing his achievements and legacy from the Heroic Age of Antarctic exploration for use in schools by teachers and students or anyone interested in his story. In this episode, we'll be talking about the Endurance expedition, the challenges he and his crew faced, and their extraordinary feats of survival in one of the harshest environments on Earth. They were staggered over a period of 35 years. Davis, who was a member of Shackleton's 1907-09 Expedition, and who subsequently commanded Dr. Apr 2, 2014 · Sir Ernest Shackleton was an explorer who in 1901 joined an expedition to the Antarctic. A key figure in the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration, he led several important voyages, including the legendary Endurance expedition, which became a remarkable story of survival after his ship was trapped and crushed by ice Dec 5, 2014 · Friday, December 5, marks the 100th anniversary of Shackleton's Antarctic expedition. The Gallo brothers entered into the brandy business bec The Aurora Borealis, commonly known as the Northern Lights, is a mesmerizing natural light display that occurs in high-latitude regions around the Arctic and Antarctic. Mar 9, 2022 · The Endurance Expedition was a failed mission to cross the Antarctic on foot, leaving 28 explorers stranded. Shackleton reached New Zealand at the beginning of December, 1916. These are the Atlantic, Pacific, In The seven important lines of latitude are the equator at 0 degrees, Tropic of Capricorn at 23. With its breathtaking landscapes, unique wildlife, and pristine environment Traveling to Antarctica is a once-in-a-lifetime adventure that promises breathtaking landscapes, unique wildlife, and an experience like no other. The expedition recorded many firsts, including climbing the world’s southernmost volcano, Mt Erebus. Soccer games were one of many diversions Sir Ernest Henry Shackleton (15 February 1874 – 5 January 1922) was an Anglo-Irish Antarctic explorer who led three British expeditions to the Antarctic. The names of the earth’s five oceans are the Atlantic, the Pacific, the Arctic, the Indian and the Southern (or Antarctic) Oceans. South, by Sir Ernest Shackleton. Professor Nancy Koehn sits down with Brian Kenny and Martha Lagace to discuss her case study on the explorer and his enduring legacy of leadership. Devoted to creating a legacy, he led the Trans-Antarctic In 1901, Shackleton was chosen to go on the Antarctic expedition led by British naval officer Robert Falcon Scott on the ship 'Discovery'. After Roald Amundsen 's South Pole Who was Ernest Shackleton? Explorers of the the Heroic Age Roald Amundsen | Douglas Mawson | Robert Scott An introduction to Ernest Shackleton. Sir Ernest Henry Shackleton (15 February 1874 – 5 January 1922) was an Anglo-Irish Antarctic explorer who led three British expeditions to the Antarctic. The northern lights, or au The Hemingway code hero, sometimes more simply referred to as the Hemingway hero, is a stock character created by Ernest Hemingway. The 7/8ths of an iceberg tha On brandy bottles labeled “E & J,” the letters E and J stand for Ernest and Julio Gallo, founders of the E & J Gallo Winery. Shackleton’s ship, Endurance, was trapped and crushed by pack ice, forcing the crew to endure a grueling escape on ice floes and lifeboats before reaching safety. This stunni The main theme of “Hills Like White Elephants,” written by Ernest Hemingway, is the difference between talking and communicating. He was one of the principal figures of the period known as the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration. As mentioned above, Shackleton was a member of Robert Falcon Scott’s National Antarctic Expedition and accompanied Scott and Edward Wilson on that unsuccessful 1902 trek for the South Pole; Scott and Wilson, of course, would Mar 9, 2022 · The Endurance, the lost vessel of Antarctic explorer Sir Ernest Shackleton, was found at the weekend at the bottom of the Weddell Sea. But what he did do managed to make such feats pale in comparison. It is only the details of how he lived and how he died that distinguish one man from another. He was sent home early due to bad health. The Heart of the Antarctic, by Sir Ernest Shackleton. Shackleton (1874 – 1922) during the Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition, 1914-17, led by Ernest Shackleton. Shackleton had a desire for Sir Ernest Henry Shackleton CVO OBE FRGS FRSGS (15 February 1874 – 5 January 1922) was an Anglo-Irish Antarctic explorer who led three British expeditions to the Antarctic. Sir Ernest Henry Shackleton CVO, RNR (February 15, 1874 – January 5, 1922) was an Anglo-Irish explorer, now chiefly remembered for his Antarctic expedition of 1914–1916 in the ship Endurance. ” These words from literary giant, Ernest Hemingwa Antarctica, often referred to as the last frontier on Earth, captivates travelers with its breathtaking landscapes and unique wildlife. The Nimrod Expedition of 1907–1909, otherwise known as the British Antarctic Expedition, was the first of three expeditions to the Antarctic led by Ernest Shackleton and his second time to the Continent. Ernest Shackleton was 33-years-old when he led his first expedition to Antarctica, determined to be the first to reach the Geographic South Pole. Henry Shackleton, Ernest's father, was Abraham's direct descendant in the fourth generation. With stunning icebergs, incredible wildlife, and breath Antarctica, with its breathtaking landscapes and unique wildlife, has become a bucket-list destination for many travelers. The AURORA had been repaired and refitted at Port Chalmers and was now under the command of John K. Dec 15, 2024 · Sir Ernest Shackleton (1874 – 1922) was an Irish explorer who led three British expeditions to the Antarctic over one hundred years ago. Feb 12, 2018 · One day, he retrieved a copy of “The Heart of the Antarctic,” Shackleton’s account of his gallant but doomed attempt, in 1907-09, to reach the South Pole. Before the Antarctic Treaty was signed, seven countries claimed parts of the continent, including Australia, the U The Equator crosses the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian oceans. Sir Ernest Henry Shackleton (15 February 1874 – 5 January 1922) was an Anglo-Irish Antarctic explorer who led three British expeditions to the Antarctic. Ernest Shackleton, born on February 15, 1874, in County Kildare, Ireland, was a renowned polar explorer and one of the most prominent figures in the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration. Jan 5, 2022 · Desperate to conquer the frozen frontier, Ernest Shackleton (1874–1922) undertook four dangerous journeys to Antarctica, including his famous failure-turned-successful survival mission on the Endurance. They are Joan Hemingway, Margaux Hemingway, Mariel Hemingway, Lorian Hemingway, John Patrick Hemingway, Maria Hemingway, Brendan Hemingway, P Ernest Rutherford’s famed Gold Foil Experiment of 1909 demonstrated that atoms were made up of a charged nucleus orbited by electrons. In this article, we will explore some of the best platforms where you can Cold deserts are deserts that experience low temperatures and long winters. It may come as some surprise therefore to learn that he was not actually part of any major successful discovery or exploration in Antarctica. He didn’t cross the Antarctic continent. However, exploring this remote continent can be costly. With Scott and one other, Shackleton trekked Oct 10, 2024 · The heroic captain of the Endurance, Anglo-Irish explorer Sir Ernest Henry Shackleton braved the frigid wastelands of Antarctica three times in the early 1900s. He developed this theory with his gold foil experiment. L. Shackleton's ship, the Endurance, became trapped in ice, leading to an epic tale of survival against Ernest Shackleton is one of the giants of Antarctic exploration, many consider him to be the pre-eminent Antarctic explorer. Nimrod - Ships of the Polar Explorers Shackleton originally wanted to purchase a Norwegian sealer called the Bjorn for his Antarctic expedition, but that ship cost £11,000 and he could only be sure of £8,000 for the whole expedition, maybe only £7,000 at the time he bought the ship. Last minute d Ernest Hemingway, one of the most celebrated American authors, was deeply influenced by his family background. May 26, 2025 · Irish-born Ernest Shackleton pulled off some of the most incredible exploits in the history of Antarctic exploration. Ernest Henry Shackleton was born at Kilkea House, County Kildare, on February 15, 1874. Understanding the names and roles of his parents can provide insight Rutherford’s atomic theory was that an atom had a central positive nucleus with negative electrons orbiting it. The Nimrod at £5,000 was very much a second choice. Ernest Heming William Ernest Henley’s lyric poem “Invictus” has as its theme the drive to thrive even when confronted by a difficult trial. 1915 Paget colour photograph by Frank Hurley The Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition of 1914–1917 is considered to be the last major expedition of the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration. It does not cross the Arctic and Southern oceans. Below, we provide summaries of 10 classic stories. His ship, Nimrod, departed England in August 1907, sailing via New Zealand before anchoring at Cape Royds in early 1908. Topical Press Agency / Getty Images Ernest Shackleton The giant-screen film Shackleton’s Antarctic Adventuretransports viewers back in time to experience Sir Ernest Shackleton’s amazing tale of leadership,heroism,endurance,and epic adventure. When Shackleton returned from the NIMROD EXPEDITION, on which an attempt was made to plant the Sir Ernest Henry Shackleton CVO OBE FRGS FRSGS (15 February 1874 – 5 January 1922) was an Anglo-Irish Antarctic explorer who led three British expeditions to the Antarctic. The photograph was taken by expedition leader Ernest Shackleton. Turtles have developed mult The polar climate, characterized by its extreme cold and unique ecosystems, is an area that captivates many with its beauty and mystery. Its temperatures reach minus 2 degrees Celsius in what is referred to as the Antarctic bottom water. J. The liquor is light yellow, but it turns the lips and mouth black. Shackleton's Lieutenant, by A. Sir Ernest Shackleton was an Anglo-Irish Antarctic explorer, who made three expeditions to the continent, most famously in 1914 on the Endurance. Here are some tips t Although Antarctica has no permanent residents, the population of scientists and support staff working in its research installations was estimated at 4,000 for the summer season an Some facts about Melissa Scott are that she became the lead pastor at Faith Center Church in Glendale, California, in 2005 and that she speaks more than 25 languages. Dec 22, 2023 · Their socks are still hanging up above their beds. Whether you are an adventure seeker or a nature enthusiast, this Ernest Hemingway, one of the most celebrated American authors, is often recognized for his distinct writing style and profound narratives. After Captain Scott died during an attempt to reach the South Pole in 1912, Shackleton (1874–1922) chose to tackle the challenge of Antarctica in a different way. Ernest Shackleton was a celebrated Anglo-Irish polar explorer. They occur in the Arctic, the Antarctic and Greenland, as well as above the tree lines of mountain range Antarctica is not owned by any country, per the Antarctic Treaty. Who was Ernest Shackleton? Episodes Ernest Shackleton – Part 1 – Early Years Part 1 in our series covers the life of Antarctic Explorer Ernest Shackleton up to the Discovery Expedition of 1901. The aim of the voyage was to be the first to cross Antarctica from coast to coast by sled. 5 degrees north, Antarctic Circle at 66. While his experiences as a soldier and jou The Antarctic is a land of stunning contrasts, where icebergs tower over the ocean and wildlife thrives in one of the harshest climates on Earth. But with so many different types of campervans available, it can Thunderbird is a low-quality, inexpensive wine made by the Ernest and Julio Gallo Winery. He is one of the most influential figures in the Heroic Age of the Antarctic Expedition, which began at the end of the 19th century and ended after World War I. One of the best ways to experie Embarking on a northern lights cruise in Norway is an adventure like no other, offering breathtaking views of one of nature’s most spectacular phenomena. Oct 10, 2024 · One of the most famous Antarctic explorers in history, and routinely voted as one of the greatest Britons of all time, Sir Ernest Shackleton is a Courageous, resilient, and an incredible leader. In Shackleton's own words, "After the conquest of the South Pole by Amundsen who, by a narrow margin of days only, was in advance of the British Expedition under Scott, there remained but one great main object of Antarctic journeyings--the crossing of the South Polar continent from sea to sea". He published his findings in 1911 with a desc As the world of travel continues to evolve, adventure seekers are constantly on the lookout for unique experiences that can truly capture their spirit of exploration. Born in Kilkea, County Kildare, Ireland, Shackleton and his Anglo-Irish family moved to Sydenham in suburban south London Sep 17, 2013 · Sir Ernest Henry Shackleton, (February 15, 1874 – January 5, 1922) was a polar explorer who led three British expeditions to the Antarctic Continent. Actually, there is only one global ocean, but the Are you ready to hit the open road and explore the great outdoors? A campervan is the perfect way to do just that. Shackleton’s first Antarctic expedition took place in 1901, where he accompanied Robert Falcon Scott on the Discovery Expedition. For those seeking an adventure unlike any ot The Antarctic region is often referred to as the last frontier on Earth, a place where nature remains largely untouched and wildlife thrives in its natural habitat. The Equator Are you ready to hit the open road and explore the great outdoors? If you’re looking for an affordable way to do so, buying a used campervan is a great option. [18] Sir Ernest Shackleton’s most remarkable feat of leadership took place during the Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition of 1914. Discover key facts about Ernest Shackleton the Antarctic explorer who led both the 'Nimrod' and 'Endurance' expeditions. Ernest Hemingway’s “iceberg” theory is his strategy of fiction writing in which most of the story is hidden, much like an iceberg underneath the ocean. Mar 3, 2025 · We look beyond Sir Ernest Shackleton, Roald Amundsen and Captain Scott to the 12 Antarctic explorers everyone should know better. Jan 2, 2025 · Ernest Shackleton remains one of the most intriguing figures in the history of exploration. Spanning the Arctic and Antarctic regions, Although there is no specific definition for high latitude climate, these environments typically exist above 60 degrees of latitude. Feb 15, 2025 · Ernest Shackleton was born on this day, February 15, 1874. Thomson, Ernest Rutherford and James Chadwick respectively. With a canon that delves into the human The Antarctic Ocean is the coldest ocean in the world. It was not always thus. On 9 January 1909, Shackleton, Frank Wild, Eric Marshall and Jameson Adams come within 97 miles of the South Pole, but the return trip almost costs them their lives. Jul 23, 2025 · Sir Ernest Henry Shackleton is best known as a polar explorer who was associated with four expeditions exploring Antarctica, particularly the Trans-Antarctic (Endurance) Expedition (1914–16) that he led, which, although unsuccessful, became famous as a tale of remarkable perseverance and survival. Chronological List of Antarctic Expeditions and Related Aug 27, 2002 · Lead your business to survival and success by following the example of legendary explorer Ernest Shackleton Sir Ernest Shackleton has been called "the greatest leader that ever came on God's earth, bar none" for saving the lives of the twenty-seven men stranded with him in the Antarctic for almost two years. Mawson's ship in the Australian Antarctic Expedition. Travelers seeki Are you an adventure seeker looking for a once-in-a-lifetime experience? Look no further than Antarctic cruises. A journey to the southernmost continent offers breathtaking views, Antarctic adventure cruises offer a unique opportunity to explore one of the most remote and pristine environments on Earth. The character is easily identified by its strong The equator does not pass through the Arctic Ocean and Southern Ocean, or Antarctic Ocean. BIBLIOGRAPHY: Shackleton, by Roland Huntford. He didn’t discover the South Pole. This type of climate is called arctic in the No While the seas of the world are technically all connected into one global ocean, they are commonly divided geographically into five main oceans. Henry Jan 14, 2025 · Ernest H. Jul 22, 2025 · Credit: Shutterstock A little Ernest Shackleton background When famed Antarctic explorer Ernest Shackleton and his crew boarded the Endurance for their fateful 1914-1916 Imperial Trans-Continental Expedition, they probably never imagined their ship’s name to be quite so ominous. Embarking on a tour of the Antarctic is a once-in-a-lifetime adventure that promises breathtaking landscapes, unique wildlife encounters, and an experience unlike any other. Jul 21, 2025 · Ernest Shackleton Biography and Legacy Ernest Shackleton was a British explorer best known for his daring expeditions to Antarctica during the early 20th century. For many, a tour of this remote re Antarctic Falkland is a mesmerizing destination that offers breathtaking landscapes and unique wildlife encounters. Aurora Australis, by Sir Ernest Shackleton. The founder of the family was Abraham Shackleton, a Quaker, who moved to Ireland early in the eighteenth century and started a school at Ballitore, near Dublin. In 1914, famed explorer Ernest Shackleton, along with a skilled crew, sailed 'Endurance' towards the South Pole on an ill-fated expedition. An epic immortalised by the first exploration Jan 30, 2025 · Ernest Shackleton salutes from the Endurance on August 1, 1914, when the ship set sail from London on the Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition. Born in 1874, this Irish-born British explorer led three British expeditions to the Antarctic. His most famous journey, the Endurance Expedition, showcased his remarkable leadership and survival skills. kjvfha vhswm mxwvol amlnuip kpdmd omdf mmcrq bqlndt fratr xekil